A link to the "skifte" after Jon in 1714 was available in the posting I cited - and I have seen it.
When I search DA for "skifteprotokollar" from Helgeland sorenskriveri, I see that this one is No.3 1709-1715 (split into 3a and 3b).
No.1 is for 1686-1696, while No.2 is missing in Arkivportalen (and DA). That is, lost.
If the skiftekort is complete and in proper order (alphabetical for farm name), there is no skifte available after the mother.
Yes, the estate was bankrupt (falitt, insolvent), and there was nothing to inherit - thus none mentioned as heirs.
Apparently Jon had in his custody the inheritance ("indestaaende arv") of the mentioned Jonsøner and -døtre from a
previous "skifte". Here, their role is creditor with a claim in the estate.
What we observe is that both brothers' claims are 3 Rd, while those of all the sisters are half of this. 1 1/2 Rd.
I do not see any other explanation that these claims are from the same inheritance. (brothers inherited twice that of a sister).
It has to be on the mother's side, else the (alive) father would inherit it all.
In principle, Jon can simply be the custodian (verje) for the mentioned children, and their father another Jon.
However, it is fair to estimate that Jon is their father, and also that the inheritance is after their mother.
The inheritance can also be after some other relative of their (previously dead) mother; e.g. mother's parents.
Possibly, there are several children not mentioned:
-Jon could have children with his new(er) wife.
-Any children who died before Jon.
-He could also have sons that had reached age of maturity (25) and got their lot before Jon died,
or daughters who had got married.
-I wonder if also sons who married got "mature", even below 25, and could get their lot (I would have to check this).